In this paper, we perform the first systematic study on concurrency bugs in real Go programs. We studied six popular Go software including Docker, Kubernetes, and gRPC. We analyzed 171 concurrency bugs in total, with more than half of them caused by non-traditional, Go-specific problems. Apart from root causes of these bugs, we also studied their fixes, performed experiments to reproduce them, and evaluated them with two publicly-available Go bug detectors.
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Our study found that message passing does not necessarily make multithreaded programs less error-prone than shared memory. In fact, message passing is the main cause of blocking bugs.
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We believe that message passing offers a clean form of inter-thread communication and can be useful in passing data and signals. But they are only useful if used correctly, which requires programmers to not only understand message passing mechanisms well but also other synchronization mechanisms of Go.
Надо отметить, что результаты могут быть искажены тем, что: а) выборка только из шести проектов (Docker, Kubernetes, etcd, CockroachDB, BoltDB, gRPC-go); б) рассматриваются только баги, которые были исправлены.
In this paper, we perform the first systematic study on concurrency bugs in real Go programs. We studied six popular Go software including Docker, Kubernetes, and gRPC. We analyzed 171 concurrency bugs in total, with more than half of them caused by non-traditional, Go-specific problems. Apart from root causes of these bugs, we also studied their fixes, performed experiments to reproduce them, and evaluated them with two publicly-available Go bug detectors.
<...>
Our study found that message passing does not necessarily make multithreaded programs less error-prone than shared memory. In fact, message passing is the main cause of blocking bugs.
<...>
We believe that message passing offers a clean form of inter-thread communication and can be useful in passing data and signals. But they are only useful if used correctly, which requires programmers to not only understand message passing mechanisms well but also other synchronization mechanisms of Go.
Надо отметить, что результаты могут быть искажены тем, что: а) выборка только из шести проектов (Docker, Kubernetes, etcd, CockroachDB, BoltDB, gRPC-go); б) рассматриваются только баги, которые были исправлены.
The S&P 500 fell 1.3% to 4,204.36, and the Dow Jones Industrial Average was down 0.7% to 32,943.33. The Dow posted a fifth straight weekly loss — its longest losing streak since 2019. The Nasdaq Composite tumbled 2.2% to 12,843.81. Though all three indexes opened in the green, stocks took a turn after a new report showed U.S. consumer sentiment deteriorated more than expected in early March as consumers' inflation expectations soared to the highest since 1981. Multiple pro-Kremlin media figures circulated the post's false claims, including prominent Russian journalist Vladimir Soloviev and the state-controlled Russian outlet RT, according to the DFR Lab's report. Right now the digital security needs of Russians and Ukrainians are very different, and they lead to very different caveats about how to mitigate the risks associated with using Telegram. For Ukrainians in Ukraine, whose physical safety is at risk because they are in a war zone, digital security is probably not their highest priority. They may value access to news and communication with their loved ones over making sure that all of their communications are encrypted in such a manner that they are indecipherable to Telegram, its employees, or governments with court orders. Some people used the platform to organize ahead of the storming of the U.S. Capitol in January 2021, and last month Senator Mark Warner sent a letter to Durov urging him to curb Russian information operations on Telegram. Telegram, which does little policing of its content, has also became a hub for Russian propaganda and misinformation. Many pro-Kremlin channels have become popular, alongside accounts of journalists and other independent observers.
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